In this comprehensive review titled “Monkeypox Outbreak: An Overview of Potential Therapeutic Options,” authored by Hamsa Hassan, Hamsa Ashraf Abdelhamid, Mayar Mohamed, and supervised by Mohamed Elsaid, we aim to provide a summary of available treatments for monkeypox infection. Published in the esteemed journal Current Treatment Options in Infectious Diseases, this review highlights potential antiviral medications and preventive measures against the monkeypox virus (MPXV), as well as the need for further research and clinical guidelines.
Study Leader/s
Study Supervisor
Members
Hamsa Ashraf Abdelhamid
Mayar Mohamed
ResearchGate link
Monkeypox Outbreak: an Overview of Potential Therapeutic Options
Journal
Current Treatment Options in Infectious Diseases
Introduction
Monkeypox is an emerging pathogen that can be transmitted between humans and certain animal reservoirs. While it belongs to the orthopoxviruses family, which includes the variola virus responsible for smallpox, monkeypox infection is rarely fatal. However, it can lead to serious complications and even death. In this review, we aim to summarize the available data on potential treatments for monkeypox infection, with a focus on antiviral medications and preventive measures.
Antiviral Medications
Three antiviral medications have shown potential activity against orthopoxviruses, including monkeypox: cidofovir, brincidofovir, and tecovirimat. These medications have demonstrated antiviral activity and may be effective in treating monkeypox. However, further research is needed to determine their optimal dosing, duration of treatment, and efficacy in different patient populations.
Preventive Measures
Vaccinia immunoglobulin, a blood product containing antibodies against orthopoxviruses, may be considered as a prophylactic measure before or after exposure to the monkeypox virus. This can provide passive immunity and potentially reduce the severity of infection. In prioritizing vaccination and preventive measures, certain populations may be at higher risk for severe infection and complications. These populations include bisexual, gay, and men who have sex with other men, Hispanic and black individuals, and immunocompromised patients.
Symptomatic Management and Public Health Measures
While specific antiviral medications and preventive measures are important, symptomatic management and adequate public health measures are crucial in the care of monkeypox patients. Early administration of antiviral medications has been associated with better clinical outcomes. However, it is important to note that there is currently a lack of evidence-based clinical guidelines for the treatment of monkeypox. Robust research into monkeypox treatment and prevention is urgently needed to fill this gap.
Special Populations and Secondary Complications
Special populations, such as immunocompromised patients (e.g., those with HIV), pregnant women, and children, require clear recommendations for the management of monkeypox. These populations may have unique considerations and may require tailored treatment approaches. Additionally, secondary complications, including bacterial infections, psychological complications, and keratitis (inflammation of the cornea), should be taken into account in the management of monkeypox patients.
Conclusion
We celebrate the remarkable achievements of the research team led by Hamsa Hassan and supervised by Mohamed Elsaid in their endeavor to explore potential therapeutic options for monkeypox. Their dedication and expertise have contributed valuable insights into antiviral medications, preventive measures, symptomatic management, and public health strategies. However, the journey does not end here. We invite fellow researchers, healthcare professionals, and enthusiasts to join us in the pursuit of scientific excellence. Together, we can further enhance our understanding of infectious diseases and develop innovative solutions to combat emerging pathogens like monkeypox. Let us unite in our commitment to improving global health and well-being.
Join us in this exciting journey as we strive to make a difference in the world of infectious diseases. Together, we can create a brighter and healthier future for all.